A fax modem is a hardware device that allows a computer to send and receive faxes over a telephone line. It connects to a PC via USB or an internal expansion slot and converts digital documents into fax-compatible signals.
Fax modems were widely used before the rise of internet faxing but are now mostly found in legacy systems. Businesses transitioning to digital solutions often replace fax modems with cloud-based fax services for greater efficiency and reliability.